A Customizable Fuzzy Expert System for Regional and Local Play Analysis/Breakout
The objective of this project is to create a user definable and customizable fuzzy expert system tool to dramatically speed local and regional play analysis and to reduce subsequent drilling risk. This general tool will not require significant knowledge of computer programming, and will guide users through the process of building a successful expert system to evaluate plays from fi... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15512 | Project State: NM |
A New Generation Chemical Flooding Simulator
This project is on the development of a new generation chemical flooding simulator and consists of three tasks. The first task is the formulation and development of the solution scheme. The second task is the implementation of the chemical module and related phase-equilibrium and physical property relationships. The final task is on the validation and applications for solving re... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-01BC15314 | Project State: TX |
A Systems Approach to Identifying Exploration and Development Opportunities in the Illinois Basin: Digital Portfolio of Plays in Under Explored Lower Palezoic Rocks/Breakout
This project will implement a systematic basin analysis approach that is expected to encourage exploration for petroleum in the lower Paleozoic rocks of the Illinois Basin. The study will compile and present a broad base of information and knowledge needed by independent oil companies to pursue the development of exploration prospects in overlooked, deeper play horizons in the Illi... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15510 | Project State: IL |
Acoustic Energy: An Innovative Technology for Stimulating Oil Wells (SBIR)
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG02-01ER83336 | Project State: IL |
Advanced Reservoir Imaging Using Frequency-Dependent Seismic Attributes / 15503-University of Houston
The objectives are :
Development of theory and processing algorithms, laboratory experiments and verification of results using field data provided by industrial partners.
The goal is the development and application of a new advanced technology of hydrocarbon reservoir imaging supported by a frequency-dependent
reflectivity model. Based on this model, they will develop a methodo... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW ESD04-029 | Project State: CA |
Advanced Reservoir Imaging Using Frequency-Dependent Seismic Attributes/Breakout
Internal Objective:
The main objective of this project is the development and application of a new advanced
technology of hydrocarbon reservoir imaging supported by a frequency-dependent
reflectivity model. Based on this model, they will develop a methodology to determine
the reservoir properties using the frequency dependence of seismic reflections. Also, the
low-frequency as... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15503 | Project State: TX |
Advanced Sealed Bearing Assembly for Positive Displacement Motors Used in Micro-Borehole Drilling
This research is aimed at developing the sealed bearing assembly technology for microhole drilling with Positive Displacement Motors. The technology can also potentially benefit the Integrated Rotary- Percussion Motors for microdrilling.... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG02-05ER84206 | Project State: TX |
Advanced Technologies for Stripper Gas Well Improvement
The objective of this effort is to develop techniques or technologies which will improve the production performance of stripper gas wells. The effort must incorporate innovative field technologies for use in stripper gas wells to increase production, reduce operating costs, increase environmental compliance, or combination thereof. Due to the marginal economics of stripper gas we... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG26-99FT40700 | Project State: PA |
Alaska North Slope Oil and Gas Resources Assessment
Document and evaluate the environmental and regulatory issues that control and influence oil and gas exploration and development on the North Slope of Alaska, focusing on changes that have occurred since 1990.
... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW 4633-01 | Project State: ID |
Alaska Oil & Gas Exploration, Development and Permitting Project
There are three primary goals for this project: encourage exploration and development of the state's vast oil prospects; improve permitting of oil exploration and development activities and create a shared CIS environment to support exploration, development and permitting.... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-02NT15446 | Project State: AK |
Altering Reservoir Wettability to Improve Production From Single Wells/Breakout
The goal of the project is to develop a surfactant soak technique to improve oil recovery by increasing the water-wettability of less than water-wet formations.
During the first year of the project the critical micelle concentrations of two anionic, a cationic, three non-ionic, and an amphoteric surfactant in a seawater-mineral oil system were measured. The interfacial tension ... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15527 | Project State: NM |
An Integrated Approach to Assessing Seismic Stimulation (PARTNERSHIP)
Provide a definitive assessment of the utility and applicability of stimulation.... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW5227 | Project State: CA |
An Integrated Approach to Characterization Bypassed Oil Saturation in Heterogeneous & Fractured Reservoirs Using Tracers
The major accomplishments to-date are as follows:
" Development of a 'generalized travel time' inversion scheme for interpretation of field tracer response via inverse modeling that can result in orders of magnitude savings in computation time and significant cost savings in terms of manpower (days as opposed to months).
" Generalization of the streamline-based simulation to desc... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-02NT15345 | Project State: TX |
Anisotropic Properties of Compacted Clay Rich Rocks (PARTNERSHIP)
The principal objective of this work is to characterize the elastic anisotropic properties of clay-rich rocks for consolidation conditions simulating compaction at depth.
Develop a new apparatus for measuring the anistrophic phase slowness, surfaces, and electrical resitivities of compacted clay-rich rocks.
... Read more >
| Project ID: FEWESD02-007 (G313) | Project State: CA |
Aperture-Tolerant, Chemical-Based Methods to Reduce Channeling/Breakout
The objective of this project is to develop aperture-tolerant, chemical-based methods to reduce channeling through voids (e.g., fractures, vugs, karst) during hydrocarbon production. ... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15519 | Project State: NM |
Application of Advanced Exploration Technologies for the Development of Mancos Formation Oil Reservoirs, Jicarilla Apache Indian Reservation, San Juan Basin, New Mexico
Develop an exploration rationale and evaluate the prospectivity of producing oil from the Mancos shale in the northern half of the Jicarilla Apache Indian Nation Lands.... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG26-00BC15194 | Project State: VA |
Application of Oak Ridge Inorganic Membrane Technology to Cat-Cracker Recycle Gas Hydrogen
The objective of this work is to determine the effectiveness of specialized custom inorganic membranes designed for the separation of hydrogen from high pressure hydrogen/hydrocarbon gas mixtures similar to those present in refinery gas streams. The term effectiveness encompasses a variety of performance factors such as separation efficiency, throughput, and optimum and allowable ... Read more >
| Project ID: FEWFEAC324 | Project State: TN |
Auto-Thermal Reforming Catalysts for Use in Chemical Looping Systems
This technology provides a more environmentally friendly and less expensive way to convert natural gas to hydrogen on an industrial scale. The project is being funded through the Small Business Administration's SBIR program. In Phase 1, the researchers will develop and test novel catalysts for use in a chemical looping system. The the new catalyst will have:
*High methane... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG02-04ER83936 | Project State: CO |
Automatic Flaw Detection and Identification for Coiled Tubing (PARTNERSHIP)
The purpose of this project is to develop an automatic detection algorithm to correlate between signal data acquired during coiled tubing inspections and physical flaws in coiled tubing samples. The automatic detection algorithm will be integrated with a previously developed lifetime prediction model to provide essentially real-time assessment of coiled tubing (CT) reliability.... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW42C1-04 | Project State: ID |
Autonomous Monitoring of Production (PARTNERSHIP)
Recent computational improvements have made it possible to obtain 3Delectrical tomographs, providing the equivalent of electric logs deployed every few feet between existing wells. These high-resolution tomographs have been used with success for formation characterization and monitoring subsurface fluid movement (i.e. tank leaks, steam floods). This technique can address the prob... Read more >
| Project ID: P-222 FEW0082 | Project State: CA |
Bio-Engineering High Performance Microbial Strains for MEOR by Directed Protein Evolution Technology/Breakout
One objective is to employ the latest bioengineering technologies to develop manufacturing methods at the surface that create more cost-effective surfactants for the chemical flood EOR process. A second objective is to improve the surfactant activity and the thermal stability of bio-surfactant systems deployed subsurface for MEOR. The first objective is likely easier to achieve t... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15525 | Project State: CA |
Bridging the Gap Between Chemical Flooding and Independent Oil Producers
The principle objective of the project is to design efficient chemical formulations for chemical flooding processes that are necessary for independent oil producers to make an informed assessment for implementation of a pilot or demonstration project.... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-NT0005679 | Project State: KS |
Catalytic Methane Decomposition for CO2 Free Hydrogen Production
Examine methane decomposition for the production of hydrogen and solid carbon, and will accomplish the following tasks: Experimental sytem modifications and approvals to allow for overnight catalyst testing; Catalyst optimization for the purpose of increasing hydrogen yields; Extended catalyst testing for up to one full week of continous hydrogen production using promising catalys... Read more >
| Project ID: FWP 4661-08 | Project State: ID |
Ceramic Membrane Reactor for Syngas Production
Increasingly severe environmental restrictions on transportation fuels and the decreasing quality of domestically refined crudes are forcing the industry to look at alternative means of producing cleaner fuels. This has led DOE to the Ultra Clean Fuels Initiative. The approach taken in this project is to prepare ultra clean fuels via the two-stage process; i.e., production of syn... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW4340-70 | Project State: ID |
Characterization of In-Situ Stress and Permeability in Fractured Reservoirs
Develop data analysis and inversion routines for estimating the heterogeneous fracture permeability distribution in a reservoir from seismic and borehole data.... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-02NT15346 | Project State: MA |
Chemical Stimulation of Oil Wells Producing from Carbonate Reservoirs
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG03-01ER83226 | Project State: NM |
Class II Demonstrations Program Project Review Support
Conduct a targeted technology transfer review of 18 significant projects from the Class II and Class Revisit program. Efforts such as these are geared to increase production, and decrease costs by sharing information (lessons learned, successful technologies, best practices and pitfalls). The Permian Basin is dominated by independent producers who benefit the most from these type... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-AF26-02NT20938 | Project State: TX |
Combined Borehole Seismic and Electromagnetic Inversion / 15507-University of TX at Austin
The objectives of the proposed project are:-
(a) to demonstrate the feasibility for the joint quantitiative inversion of borehole seismic and EM measurements, well logs, and core data,
(b) to develop the necessary computer algorithmic and software infrastructure to jointly invert borehole seismic and EM data into 3D spaital distributions of petrophysical properties (e.g. porosity... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW ESD04-009 | Project State: CA |
Combined Borehole Seismic and Electromagnetic Inversion for High-Resolution Petrophysical Assessment of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs/Breakout
The objectives of the proposed research effort are:
a) To develop the necessary computer algorithmic and software infrastructure to jointly invert
borehole seismic and EM data into 3D spatial distributions of petrophysical properties (e.g.
porosity, permeability, and fluid saturations); algorithms will be based on novel deterministic and
stochastic inversion techniques,
b) Eva... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15507 | Project State: TX |
Conformance Improvement Using Gels
The project will consist of these major tasks: Task 1: OPTIMIZING LARGE-VOLUME GEL TREATMENTS IN FRACTURED INJECTION WELLS; 1. Effect of fracture width, length, and height on gel properties; 2. Effect of gel composition on gel propagation; 3. Effect of temperature on gel properties; 4. Correlating rheology in fractures versus in viscometers; 5. Modeling gel placement an... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-01BC15316 | Project State: NM |
Cost Effective Surfactant Formulations for Improved Oil Recovery in Carbonate Reservoirs/Breakout
The objective of this investigation is to develop cost-effective chemical formulations that will recover incremental oil beyond a waterflood operation from carbonate reservoirs. The specific target for this improved technology will be large, domestic carbonate reservoirs that are at a mature point in their waterflood operations, most especially those that are fractured reservoirs.... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15521 | Project State: CA |
Coupling the Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer Technology and Gelation Technology to Maximize Incremental Oil Production -BBFA Breakout
Investigate whether the alkaline-surfactant-polymer technology and gelation technologies can be combined to increase the applicability of alkaline-surfactant-polymer flooding to fractured reservoirs or reservoirs with high capacity zones.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-03NT15411 | Project State: CO |
Crosswell Seismic Amplitude-Versus-Offset for Detailed Imaging of Facies and Fluid Distribution Within Carbonate Oil Reservoirs/Breakout
The overall objective of this project is to develop, test, and demonstrate a methodology to image the internal architecture and fluid distribution of hydrocarbon reservoirs at extremely fine scale,
using crosswell seismic techniques. The imaging of rock and fluid properties will be
accomplished by application of technology using the angle-dependence of amplitudes, taking
advanta... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15508 | Project State: MI |
Data Integration for the Generation of High Resolution Reservoir Model / Breakout
The objectives of this three year research initiative is to develop a theoretical basis and practical technology for the integration of geologic, production and time-lapse seismic data in a way that makes best use of the information for reservoir description and reservoir performance predictions. The practical tools for data integration that will result from this research will be p... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15517 | Project State: OK |
Decommission of Hydrate Flow Loops
Assist in the installation of a jydrates flow loop at the University of Tulsa North Campus.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-AF26-02NT20472 | Project State: OK |
Demonstration of a Novel, Integrated Multi-Scale Procedure for High-Resolution 3D Reservoir Characterization & Improved CO2-EOR/Sequestration Management, SACROC Unit/Breakout
The objective of the project is to perform a reservoir study of the Northern Platform region of the Scurry Canyon Reef area and perform a series of carbon dioxide injection tests. The reservoir thickness is over seven hundred feet at this location and a key parameter for a successful gravity stable carbon dioxide flood is the degree of vertical permeability. The project should d... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15514 | Project State: TX |
Development of Polymer Gel Systems to Improve Volumetric Sweep and Reduce Producing Water/Oil Ratios
To improve the effectivenss of polymer gels to increase volumetric sweep efficiency of fluid displacement processes and reduce water production in production wells.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-02NT15363 | Project State: KS |
Development of Smart-Proppant Technology for Hydraulic Fracturing (PARTNERSHIP)
Develop second generation materials with sufficient structure and mechanical integrity to allow application as proppant or gravel pack materials.... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW42C1-05 (5A427) | Project State: ID |
Development of a Geologic Exploration Model for the Permo-Pennsylvanian Petroleum System in South-Central Montana/Breakout
The main goal of the project is to identify a petroleum exploration fairway based on detailed
stratigraphic research in the Permo-Pennsylvanian system across the region of south-central Montana.
Petroleum Migration History or Predicting the location of major hydrocarbon entrapments in
Montana?s Permo-Pennsylvanian system is the most valued goal of this project.... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15511 | Project State: MT |
Development of an In-Situ Biosurfactant Production Technology for Enhanced Oil Recovery/Breakout
Move biosurfactant-mediated oil recovery from laboratory investigations to actual field applications.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15522 | Project State: OK |
Development, Demonstration and Dissemination of a Probabilistic Simulation Module for BOAST II/Breakout
The primary objectives of the project are to develop a user-friendly, Microsoft Windows computer program that can perform multiple (thousands) of reservoir simulation cases using BOAST II, based on a set of probability distributions for each input variable, to derive a probabilistic set of output results (i.e. oil recovery), and that can be executed in a matter of hours. Incorpora... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15528 | Project State: TX |
Direct Quantification of Uncertainties Associated with Reservoir Performance Simulations (PARTNERSHIP)
Develop techniques and practical tools for directly quantifying the uncertainty in reservoir performance predictions due to uncertainty in the reservoir description.
... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW02FE10 | Project State: NM |
Distributed Generation Power Units at Marginal Well Sites (Offgases for Oil)
The objective of the Distributed Generation/OFFGASES project is to demonstrate the ability to convert flared or stranded gas of various heat content values and quality, which is produced as a byproduct of oil production, into distributed generated electricity. This research will be demonstrated through four field installations; one using a high British Thermal Unit (BTU) stranded ... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-02NT15444 | Project State: OK |
Down-Hole Seismic Source for Look Ahead Pore Pressure Prediction While Drilling (PARTNERSHIP)
Two seismic sources, the Regenerative Combustion Seismic Source (RCSS) and the Capacative Discharge Downhole Source (CDDS), were selected for development and refinement during FY-2001/2002.
The RCSS was built at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) and tested at the Savoy, AK test sited during November of 2000. It is based on the electrical disas... Read more >
| Project ID: P-217 FEW4340-55 | Project State: ID |
Downhole Heater Cables for Oil Shale Recovery
SBIR Phase I Objective:
Develop high temperature heater cables for downhole applications.
The cables must be:
? Capable of long-term, high temperature operation
? Resistant to the downhole environment
? Manufacturable in long lengths (> 2,000 feet)
? In-situ oil shale recovery offers a
secure, domestic source of oil
? Fully developed oil shale industry
could add $1-trill... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG02-05ER84198 | Project State: CO |
Effects of Well Conditions on Post-Perforation Permeability (PARTNERSHIP)
Development of a simple, yet accurate model for the evolution of porosity and permeability which can be readily incorporated into existing hydrocodes to predict the early stages of post-perforation permeability. This will be coupled with a code that efficiently simulates fines migration during the post-shot surge period, permitting simulation of perforation cleanup. Next, additiona... Read more >
| Project ID: P-218 | Project State: CA |
Efficient Clean-Fuel Processing Using Designer Solvents
The purpose of this work is to develop ionic liquids to remove contaminants from natural gas, gasoline, and diesel or the production of clean fuels. The removal of sulfur from gasoline and diesel fuel, and the separation of carbon dioxide from natural gas will be studied. Sulfur removal is required because it is incompatible with petroleum processing technologies and for environ... Read more >
| Project ID: FEWFEAC325 | Project State: TN |
Enhanced Recovery Utilizing Variable Frequency Drives and a Distributed Power System
Peden Energy will install a micro-turbine in the oil field, connect this turbine to a natural gas supply line, connect electric lines from the turbine output to an oil well, and generate electricity to operate two oil/natural gas wells. The micro-turbine that Peden Energy will utilize is an advanced micro-turbine that will burn a portion of the natural gas from production and has ... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG26-03NT15436 | Project State: TX |
Establishing the Relationship Between Fracture-Related Dolomite and Primary Rock Fabric on the Distribution of Reservoirs in the Michigan Basin/Breakout
The specific goals of this project are threefold. First, to summarize and critically synthesize all of the publicly-available data on the geometrical distribution and reservoir quality of dolomitized reservoirs in the Trenton-Black River, Niagaran, and Dundee formations in the Michigan Basin and how they may be related to fractures. Second, to perform a scientifically rigorous ch... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15513 | Project State: MI |
Evaluating the Influence of Pore Architecture and Initial Saturation on Wettability and Relative Permeability in Heterogeneous, Shallow-Shelf Carbonates/Breakout
Create a database of wettability and drainage and imbibition relative permeability relations that are lithofacies specific.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15516 | Project State: KS |
Evaluation and Enhancement of Carbon Dioxide Flooding Through Sweep Improvement/Breakout
" Completed history match of original carbon dioxide pilot area of the Little Creek Field.
" Completed parametric study of factors effecting miscible carbon dioxide flooding process and their effect on sweep efficiency.
" Based on parametric study and simulation results, proposed operating strategy to maximize oil recovery in carbon dioxide floods.
Carbon dioxide displacement ... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15536 | Project State: LA |
Expanding Conventional Seismic Stratigraphy into the Multicomponent Seismic Domain
The objectives of this research are to create examples that illustrate that different stratal surfaces are imaged by different elastic wave modes, and to demonstrate how this new seismic imaging technology should be applied to improve geologic understanding of oil and gas systems. The technology developed in this research will provide the oil and gas industry a subsurface interpret... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG26-04NT42131 | Project State: TX |
Experimental Investigation and High Resolution Simulator of In-Situ Combustion Processes PRIME Breakout
Experimentally examine the dynamics of combustion and how they may be altered beneficially, as well as develop process simulation methodologies and capabilities that resolve in-situ combustion dynamics accurately.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-03NT15405 | Project State: CA |
Field Studies of Effective Enhanced Oil/Gas Recovery Technologies
Review and field test EOR technologies offered by various technology providers to be conducted by INEEL in cooperation with the ROMTC.
... Read more >
| Project ID: FWP 061704 | Project State: ID |
Field Testing of Environmentally Friendly Drilling Systems
Objectives of this project are to 1) incorporate current and emerging technologies into a clean drilling system with no or very limited environmental impact on land, water, and air; 2) identify low impact transportation technologies to and from well sites; 3) test and demonstrate a viable drilling system that could be used for the exploration and exploitation of natural gas primari... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-05NT42658 | Project State: TX |
Fluid-Rock Characterization for NMR Well Logging and Special Core Analysis / Breakout
The objective of this project is to develop the techniques and interpretation methods to determine the maximum information about fluid and rock properties and interactions from in situ measurements by NMR well logging and fluid sampling and from special core analysis of formation material. The approach to this objective is from two directions: (a) development of NMR techniques and... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15515 | Project State: TX |
Friction Reduction for Microhole Coiled Tubing Drilling/Microhole 2 Breakout
The objective of this project is to improve microhole coiled tubing drilling bottom hole assembly (BHA) reliability and performance, while reducing the drilling cost and complexity associated with inclined or horizontal well sections. This will be accomplished by eliminating the need for a downhole tractor or vibrator. The project objective will be met by vibrating the coiled tub... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-05NT15485 | Project State: TX |
Fundamentals of Delayed Coking Joint Industry Continuation Project
The objectives of this research program are to:
" Utilize the current coking facilities at The University of Tulsa to enhance the understanding of the coking process
" Make current optimization models more robust
" Conduct focused kinetic experiments to improve both modeling and processing
" Conduct detailed foaming studies to optimize the process/minimize upsets
" Quantif... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-02NT15381 | Project State: OK |
High Power Turbodrill and Drill Bit for Drilling with Coiled Tubing / Microhole 2 Breakout
The internal objective of the project is to deliver a downhole, hydraulically driven power unit, matched with a custom drill bit design, with the power unit/drill bit system designed specifically to provide an optimized combination of run life and penetration rate when used to drill 3 1/2 inch diameter boreholes with a purpose built coiled tubing rig.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-05NT15486 | Project State: TX |
History Matching in Parallel Computational Environments - BBFA Breakout
Complete history matching in parallel computational environments.... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-03NT15410 | Project State: TX |
Imaging Reservoir Quality Seismic Signatures of Geologic Processes / Breakout
We have documented the similarity in the rock physics patterns of sand-rich deep water deposits from offshore Gulf of Mexico and other similar depositional environments. Lithofacies successions from diverse depositional environments show distinctive patterns in various rock-physics planes (seismic velocity-porosity, velocity-density and porosity-clay volume). Four clear examples ... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15506 | Project State: CA |
Improvement of Sweep Efficiency in Gas Flooding / Breakout
The purpose of this project is to evaluate the sweep efficiency of various miscible flooding processes
in a laboratory model, develop numerical tools to estimate sweep efficiency in the field-scale; and
identify solvent composition, mobility control methods, and well architecture to improve sweep
efficiency and ultimate oil recovery.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15535 | Project State: TX |
Improving Geologic and Engineering Models of Mid-Continent Fracture and Karst-Modified Reservoirs Using New 3-D Seismic Attributes/Breakout
The overall goal of this project is to develop seismic tools, methodologies and workflows to recognize, identify and quantify karst-modified reservoirs. In accordance with project scheduling and planning, the following objectives have to be met in a time period of 36 months to support this goal.
? Development of a seismic-based best-practices workflow for identifying and predictin... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15504 | Project State: KS |
Industrial Compositional Streamline Simulation for Efficient and Accurate Prediction of Gas Injection and WAG Processes / Breakout
The main objective of this work is to improve the capabilities of the current Compositional StreamLine Simulator (CSLS), so that it will be suitable for use in industry and laboratories for the study of realistic reservoirs and production scenarios, for a wide variety of gas injection and/or CO2 sequestration projects
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15530 | Project State: CA |
Inexpensive CO2-Thickening Agents for Improved Mobility Control of CO2 Floods
The design of an inexpensive, hydrocarbon-based carbon dioxide thickener consists of several steps. Initially, an attempt will be made at the University of Pittsburgh to design highly carbon dioxide-soluble copolymers (a polymer composed of two building blocks). Continue to explore recently designed copolymers along with novel copolymers that may demonstrate an even greater sol... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-01BC15315 | Project State: PA |
Integrated Synthesis of the Permian Basin: Data and Models for Recovering Existing and Undiscovered Oil Resources from the Largest Oil-Bearing Basin in the U.S./Breakout
The objectives of the project are twofold: (1) to produce a detailed, comprehensive
analysis and history of Paleozoic depositional and reservoir systems in the Permian Basin, and
(2) to create spatially integrated databases of depositional, stratigraphic, lithologic, and
petrophysical properties for selected reservoir plays and stratigraphic horizons. These objectives
will be u... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15509 | Project State: TX |
Integrated, Multi-Scale Characterization of Imbibition and Wettability Phenomena Using Magnetic Resonance and Wide Band Dielectric Measurement/Breakout
The objectives of the proposal are to develop methods for obtaining realistic configurations of two immiscible fluids as a function of wettability and geologic characteristics and use these fluid configurations as a basis for predicting and explaining macroscopic (core-scale) behavior, including the relationship between relative permeability, wettability and laboratory and log meas... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15518 | Project State: TX |
Investments in Energy Security
Catalog and evaluate state, federal and Canadian incentive programs related to oil and natural gas exploration and production.
... Read more >
| Project ID: 75-03SW54511 | Project State: OK |
Laboratory Study on Borehole Stability & Sand Protection in Weakly Cemented Sand (PARTNERSHIP)
1) to establish quantitative relationships between micromechanical parameters of weakly cemented sand and the macroscopic properties such as failure mode and rock strength, 2) to understand the process and mechanism of fracture formation and failure of borehole in a realistic environment, and (3 to develop a predictive capability of borehole stability and sand production from the m... Read more >
| Project ID: FEWESD02-003 (G311) | Project State: CA |
Life Performance Monitoring of Synthetic Fiber Mooring Ropes Using Polymeric Optical Fiber (PARTNERSHIP)
The project will extend over a period of 36 months and consists of six tasks.
Task 1, which will be completed within 12 months of the project initiation, will culminate with a lab-scale demonstration that the technology is capable of achieving the desired strain measurements. This task will be conducted principally at ORNL. We will test methods for achieving our design param... Read more >
| Project ID: P-219 FEAC322 | Project State: TN |
Lower Cost Methods for Improved Oil Recovery (IOR) Via Surfactant Flooding
An integrated theoretical and experimental effort to identify potentially more cost-effective chemicals for the surfactant flooding IOR process.
The focus of the phase behavior/IFT experiments in the first year has been to explore some different chemistries for their potential as EOR surfactants. Many of these tests also provide phase behavior and IFT data for a series of surfa... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-01BC15362 | Project State: CA |
Mapping Alternations Caused by Hydrocarbon Microseepages in Patrick Draw Area Southwest Wyoming Using Image Spectroscopy and Hyperspectral Remote Sensing
Develop and implement a methodology for using remote sensing imagery to identify and map alteration zones caused by hydrocarbon microseepage in Patrick Draw area, southwest Wyoming.... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG26-05NT42494 | Project State: TX |
Marine Board Energy Assessment Activities
The Marine Board program involves these tasks:
o Assessment of the national capabilities for Arctic Ocean engineering.
o Conduct investigations and analysis of the technology for removing platforms from deep water, Arctic oil spill containment and cleanup, rapid survey and assessment of the seafloor, and public risk of port and offshore drilling rig accidents.
o Assess applicati... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-AI21-94MC31164 | Project State: DC |
Measurement and Interpretation of Seismic Attenuation for Hydrocarbon Exploration/Breakout
This project has three principle objectives: (1) perform, for the first time, laboratory
measurements of the seismic velocities and attenuation across the entire seismic band of
frequencies (roughly 10 Hz to several kHz) on rocks that have been well characterized; (2)
provide, for the first time, detailed explanations and models for the lab measurements that can be
used to rela... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15505 | Project State: CO |
Measuring and Interpreting Seismic Attenuation/15505-CO School of Mines
(1)Perform laboratory measurements of the seismic velocities and attenuation across the entire seismic band of frequencies on rocks that have been well characterized; (2) provide, for the first time, detailed explanations and models for the lab measurements that can be used to relate the material properties of interest to the oil industry to the seismic measures; and (3) invert fie... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW ESD04-030 | Project State: CA |
Mechanisms of Mobility Control with Foam
The University of California-Berkeley is the lead contractor for determining the "Mechanisms of Mobility Control with Foam". The project is focused on the use of gas-aqueous surfactant "foam" as a mobility-control agent.
There is growing evidence documenting the foam holds considerable promise. It achieves low mobility mainly by permeability reduction, not through a visco... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW4680 | Project State: CA |
Mechanistic Understanding of Microbial Plugging for Improved Sweep Efficiency / Breakout
The objective of this proposed project is the specific understanding of biofilm formation in porous media and its quantitative relationship to decreased permeability. The approach combines a modeling and an experimental thrust. It will integrate some powerful recent results of long-term research initiatives with new data to be obtained in this project. Laboratory scale experimen... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15524 | Project State: TX |
Mechanistic Understanding of Microbial Plugging for Improved Sweep Efficiency/15524 - University of TX at Austin
Build technologically relevant modeling and predictions to microbially enhance oil recovery on understanding the microbial diversity and the complex interactions as determined by the resident microbiota and the eco-physioloigcal parameters of the oil-bearing matrix.
... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW04-077 | Project State: CA |
Method of Sand Control Completion for Cold Production in Heavy Oil Reservoirs Eliminating Perforating and Gravel Packing in Cased and Cemented Wellbores
Sand associated with heavy oil or high volume gas production often presents downhole failures of wells or pumping equipment. A method of sand control is needed that not only protects well productivity and minimizes formation damage caused during well construction, but also eliminates the expense of jet perforating and gravel packing the productive interval. This project will de... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG03-02ER83389 | Project State: TX |
Metrics and Validation Project for NPTO Programs
Establish a validation and metrics to measure how effective is NPTO's oil RD&D program. Once the program is established, repeat yearly feedback will be provided for planning.
... Read more >
| Project ID: 75-02SW53538 | Project State: OK |
Microhole Wireless Steering While Drilling System/Solicitation Breakout
The internal objectives of the project include development of a downhole Bi-Directional Communication and Power Module and a surface Coiled Tubing Communication Link.... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-05NT15488 | Project State: TX |
Mineral-Surfactant Interactions for Minimum Reagents Precipitation and Adsorption for Improved Oil Recovery BBFA Breakout
The overall objective of this project is to understand the role of mineralogy of reservoir rocks in determining interactions of reservoir minerals and their dissolved species with externally add reagants (surfactants/polymers) and its effects on solid-liquid and liquid-liquid interfacial properties such as adsorption, wettability, and interfacial tension, and devise schemes to cont... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-03NT15413 | Project State: NY |
Modeling Wettability Altermation Using Chemical EOR Processes in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs/Breakout
The ultimate goal of this proposed research is to develop a simulation tool to improve our understanding of multiphase surfactant, alkaline, hot water, or surfactant at elevated temperature flow in naturally fractured oil reservoirs. The emphasis is on innovative enhanced oil recovery processes that reduce the interfacial tension, reduce the mobility ratio, and any possible enhance... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15529 | Project State: TX |
Multi-Site Application of the Geomechanical Approach for Natural Fracture Exploration
The overall objective of the project is to provide commercial-scale demonstrations of employing current natural fracture detection technology for the economic development of low-permeability resources. Realizing this goal will depend on achieving three objectives: (1) provide successful demonstrations of natural fracture detection and predictions in an exploration setting; (2) pe... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-AC26-99FT40720 | Project State: VA |
Multicomponent Seismic Analysis and Calibration to Improve Recovery From Algal Mounds Ute Mountain and Ute Reservation, CO
The scope of technical work is to interpret 6 square miles of three-dimensional, three-component (3D3C) seismic data that will encompass two algal mound fields in the area, and to calibrate various forms of seismic data to delineate regions of better reservoir permeability and porosity.
In order to accomplish this scope of work, 3D3C seismic data set covering two known reservoi... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG26-02NT15451 | Project State: WA |
Nanoscale Pore Imaging and Pore Scale Fluid Flow Modeling in Chalk
Analyze nanoscale pore chalk structure in context of challenges of oil production from chalk. The results will be communicated in a report titled: "Nanoscale pore imaging and pore scale fluid flow modeling in chalk".
... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW ESD04-027 | Project State: CA |
Northern Cheyenne Reservation Coal Bed Natural Gas Resource Assessment and Analysis of Produced Water Disposal Options
This project will conduct a complete analysis of the coal bed methane production potential for coal assets underlying the Northern Cheyenne India Reservation of Montana. Because of the environmental concerns associated with coal water production in Montana, special emphasis will be placed upon identifying environmentally correct and cost-effective methods for producing gas while m... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW4340-72 | Project State: ID |
Novel Chemically Bonded Phosphate Ceramic Borehole Sealants for Arctic Environment
Transfer the chemically bonded phsphate ceramic technology for permafrost applications to UAF and participate and assist in the yard and field tests of this technology in Alaska.
... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW 49157 | Project State: IL |
Oil and Gas Resource Assessment of the Russian Arctic
Purchase the data and expertise critical to the successful assessment of the Russian Arctic petroleum potential.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-AI26-05NT15538 | Project State: CO |
Online, Optimization-Based Simulation of Fractured and Nonfractured Reservoirs
1. Develop affordable parallel simulators that are capable of using the most advanced numerical algorithms.
2. Develop fractured reservoir simulators capable of incorporating exact spatial characteristics of fractures (Discrete-Fracture Models).
3. Develop optimum operating strategies for the reservoir using optimal control theory and optimization principles. Will use t... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-01BC15313 | Project State: UT |
Origin of Scale-Dependent Dispersivity and Its Implications for Miscible Gas Flooding / Breakout
" fabricated simple but novel two-conductor microsensors
" obtained novel measurements of local concentration histories in miscible floods
" carried out high-resolution FEMLAB simulations of Navier-Stokes flow and advection-diffusion transport equations in 2D model porous media
" made initial numerical simulations of the experimental model to understand the somewhat larger di... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15534 | Project State: TX |
Paraffin Deposition Projects Membership (TUPDP)
Participation in this project is relevant to the DOE mission and offers a unique opportunity to promote advancements in the characterization and modeling of paraffin deposition through basic and applied research, provide financial support ro graduate students pursuing advanced degrees in petroleum engineering, and allow companies to supplement or supplant their own paraffin deposit... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-AF26-04NT40537 | Project State: OK |
Parallel, Multigrid Finite Element Simulator for Fractured/Faulted and Other Complex Reservoirs Based on CCA / Breakout
Parallel, Multigrid, Finite-Element Simulator for Faulted/Fractured, and Other Complex Reservoirs Based on Common Component Architecture (CCA)
Most modern reservoir simulators are based on the finite-difference method. This method of discretization is not suitable for representing reservoirs with complex geometry, particularly faulted and fractured systems. Nor is the techniq... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15531 | Project State: UT |
Participate in the Committee on Earth Resources (CER)
The committee on earth resources serves as the focul point for development of new activities relevant to mineral and energy resources affairs. The committee is responsible for providing analysis and recommendatios to the supply, delivery and associated impacts of the issues related to energy, metallic and nonmetallic mineral resources.
The committee (1) monitors the status of min... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-AF26-04NT40635 | Project State: DC |
Petroleum Consulting Services Production Verification Tests
The project involves the introduction of new stimulation technology to Devonian shale operators resulting in the routine use of this new fracturing technology on a commercial basis. The scope of this project consists of offset well record data acquisition, cased hole logging, perforating, well testing, stimulation, and production history monitoring of new or existing wells of oppo... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-AC21-90MC26025 | Project State: OH |
Pipe Tally Sheet Software - Phase 2
Improving the performance of the program known as "Pipe Tally Sheet software for Pocket PC's". The intent of this work is to provide users with a free and significantly improved program conforming to a new Microsoft Visual Studio.NET environment.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-AP26-04NT40842 | Project State: TX |
Producing Light Oil from a Frozen Reservoir: Reservoir and Fluid Characterization of Umiat Field, National Petroleum Reserve, Alaska
The objective of this project is to develop a robust geologic and engineering model for evaluating production methods for the Umiat field to provide important information on production methods for this and similar frozen reservoirs in northern Alaska and other arctic regions.... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-08NT0005641 | Project State: AK |
Production Improvement From Increased Permeability Using Engineered Biochemical Secondary Recovery Methodology in Marginal Wells of the East Texas Field
The chief objective of this project is to restore oil production to marginal wells located in the once prolific East Texas field. The field, comprising over 140,000 acres, is a classic stratigraphic trap composed of truncated deltaic sandstones of the lower Woodbine Group unconformably overlain by the Austin Chalk and locally by the Eagle Ford Shale. Originally discovered in th... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG26-03NT15440 | Project State: CO |
Promoting Cooperation Between RAS and DOE and Implementing the VNIIGAZ Contract to Facilitate Field Tests of "Penguin" Technology in the U.S.
There are numerous oil and gas fields in the US that do not perform at full capacity because of cesed flow of hydrocarbons o the boreholes. Some Russian oil and gas companies ofer a new direction of improved EOR technologies, representing different methodologies and stage of equiment development for drilling, well completion, well deliquification, reservoir stimulationnm, and moni... Read more >
| Project ID: FWPFLU100864 | Project State: ID |
Rapid Calibration of High Resolution Geologic Models to Dynamic Data Using Inverse Modeling: Field Application and Validation
The objective of this proposal is to develop a systematic procedure and workflow for dynamic data integration for improved reservoir characterization.
The approach will identify the discrepency between geologic model and production data and allow for rapid updating of reservoir description using inverse modeling.
A concurrent objective is to assess the uncertainty in resrvoi... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-05NT15457 | Project State: TX |
Realistic Velocity Anisotropy Estimation in Complex 3D Environments (PARTNERSHIP)
The objective of this research is to develop forward modeling, velocity analysis, and migration methods in anisotroic media. The methodolgy and algorithms developed by this project will improve the quanity and resolution of seismic imags that are critical to the economic exploration for hydrocarbons.
The results will provide general insight into an aspect of velocity anisotro... Read more >
| Project ID: FEWESD02-005 | Project State: CA |
Reducing Onshore Natural Gas and Oil Exploration and Production Impacts Using a Broad-Based Stakeholder Approach
The objective of the proposed research project is aimed at evaluating practices that are common and key to moving development forward through minimizing impacts and that also identify the cause of the most notable issues relative to delaying or curtailing E&P activities. Reducing impacts from E&P activities by engaging in a broad-based stakeholder approach with organizations such ... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-06NT42937 | Project State: OK |
Research and Development Concerning Coalbed Natural Gas - Congressional Mandate
Coal Bed Natural Gas (CBNG) from the Powder River Basin is a significant component of the U.S. natural gas supply. Environmental concerns over the use of produced water CBNG are limiting the development of this important resouce. The goal of this project is to clearly define the true environmental issues associated with this water and to develop cost-effective treatment or mitiga... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-06NT15568 | Project State: WY |
Review and Update Venture Development Plan for US Resources
The goal of this project is to assemble the technical, market, and economic data needed for venture evaluation of the US oil shale resource.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-AC21-93MC29240 | Project State: UT |
Seismic Attenuation Attributes for Reservoir Characterization
The project will be carried out as a series of inter-related tasks as shown below.
Task 1: P and S Wave Q Pseudo-Logs: Use conventional well log data (sonic, density, gamma, neutron, resistivity, etc.) to compute the expected background Q of the formations of interest. This information is essential for generating Q dependent synthetic seismic traces (Task2).
Task 2: Q Measuremen... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-01BC15356 | Project State: TX |
Seismic and Rock-Physics Diagnostics of Multiscale Reservoir Textures
Task I: Investigate Relationships Between Seismic Properties and Rock Microstructure
A major goal of Task I is to develop quantifiable links between microstructure, controlled by sedimentary basin processes (depositional controls on sorting, grain size, clay content and digenetic controls on cementing), seismic impedance, and fluid transport properties. The focus is to characteriz... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-01BC15354 | Project State: CA |
Selection and Treatment of Stripper Gas Wells for Production Enhancement in the Midcontinent
The overall project objectives are to develop an efficient and low-cost methodology to broadly categorize the well performance characteristics for a stripper gas field, identify the high-potential candidate wells for remediation, and diagnose the specific causes for well underperformance. A further objective is to identify/develop, evaluate and test "new and novel," economically v... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG26-00NT40789 | Project State: VA |
Simulation-Enhanced Fracture Detection: Research and Demonstration in U.S. Basins
The objective of this project is to develop a technology for predicting the location, geometry, and characteristics of natural fracture zones by integrating basin modeling and seismic data interpretation.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-AC26-00NT40689 | Project State: IN |
Solvent Based Enhanced Oil Recovery for In-Situ Upgrading of Heavy Oil Sands
To develop an analytical reservoir model for an enhanced oil recovery process consisting of the
injection of semi-miscible solvents utilized for in-situ upgrading of heavy crude oils and to improve
the predictive capability of a reservoir simulator to capture the dynamics of solvents and heavy
crude and their interaction so as to predict the production of upgraded crude oil. The... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG26-06NT42745 | Project State: FL |
Sonication Technology for Oil Well Stimulation
Develop a sonic well performance enhancement technology that focuses on the near wellbore formation damage. ... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-02NT15187 | Project State: PA |
Step-Out Technology for Producing Hydrogen from Natural Gas
The goal of this project is to develop a safe, cost-effective technology to produce hydrogen via steam methane reforming. This will be achieved by a simplified reactor design and eliminating the need for hydrogen purification.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FG02-04ER83948 | Project State: NJ |
Stimuli-Responsive Copolymers with Enhanced Efficiency in Reservoir Recovery Processes
The project will develop:
1) pH- and salt-responsive rheology modifiers and optimized reaction conditions.
2) hydrophobically-modified polymers which form selective complexes with surfactants
3) methods of characterization of hydrodynamic volume, phase behavior, and rheological response at selected pH, temperature, and salt concentration
4) an understanding of structure/behavio... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-01BC15317 | Project State: MS |
Technology of In-Situ Gas Generation to Recover Residual Oil Reserves
NMIMT proposes final research and development in the U.S. to evaluate a technology that was developed at the Institute for Geology and Development of Fossil Fuels in Moscow, Russia. This technology involves in situ generation of carbon dioxide to recover trapped residual oil from reservoirs. In Phase I, NMIMT will verify if the Russian formulations generate sufficient preessure a... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-05NT15478 | Project State: NM |
Technology's Impact on Production: Developing Environmental Solutions at the State and National Levels/Congressional Guidance Outreach & Education
The purpose of this project is to assist State governments in the effective, efficient and environmentally sound regulation of the exploration and production of natural gas and crude oil. The items envisioned for the iOGCC to undertake are national in scope. However, there are significant regional differences amoung states that make "one size fits all" programs unacceptable. One... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-06NT15567 | Project State: OK |
The Synthesis and Evaluation of Inexpensive CO2 Thickeners Designed by Molecular Modeling / Breakout
Despite their high displacement efficiency, CO2 floods do not typically attain high sweep
efficiencies. The areal and vertical sweep efficiencies in a reservoir can be low due to the
low viscosity and density, respectively, of CO2 relative to the oil being displaced. It
would require incredibly large increases in pressure to significantly increase the density
of CO2, therefore ... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15533 | Project State: PA |
Transformation of Resources to Reserves: Next Generation Heavy-Oil Recovery Techniques/Breakout
In broad terms, the goal of this project is to provide a suite of midterm research needed to
produce efficiently our abundant, discovered heavy-oil resources that are not accessible with
current technology and recovery techniques. This goal includes increasing heavy-oil
recovery efficiency in an environmentally sound manner so that resources are utilized with
minimum environmen... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15526 | Project State: CA |
Tulsa University Drilling Research Projects Membership
The participation in this project is relevant to the DOE mission and continues to offer a unique opportunity to promote advancements in the state of the art of drilling technology through basic and applied research, providing financial support to graduate students pursuing advanced degrees in drilling engineering, and allowing companies to supplement or supplant their own drilling ... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-AP26-04NT40637 | Project State: OK |
Use of Polymers to Recover Viscous Oil from Unconventional Reservoirs
The goal of this three-year research project is to develop methods using water soluble polymers to recover viscous oil from unconventional reservoirs (i.e., on Alaska's North Slope).
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-NT0006555 | Project State: NM |
Using Biosurfactants Produced From Agriculture Process Waste Streams to Improve Oil Recovery in Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs/Breakout
This three-year research project will evaluate the use of low-cost biosurfactants produced from high-starch agriculture process waste streams (e.g., potato or rice process effluents) to improve oil recovery in fractured carbonate reservoirs. Specifically, the project will examine the ability of the biosurfactants to mediate wettability change that positively affects oil recovery in... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15523 | Project State: KS |
Using Biosurfactants Produced from Agriculture Process Waste Streams to Improve Oil Recovery in Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs/15523-Univ. of Kansas
To date, all tasks are on schedule. During the reporting period, the INL team successfully:
" Produced the biosurfactant surfactin from potato starch medium.
" Evaluated the compatibility of the produced surfactant with synthetic brine based on the compositions of the field brines from the Lansing-Kansas City (LKC) formation.
" Identified chemical surfactants to be used as be... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW 4715-02 | Project State: ID |
Zero Emission Steam Technology "Clean Electric Power from Fossil Fuels"
Further the technical feasibility of a research laboratory for the purpose of reducing technical risk which will result in zero emission steam technology being commercialized.... Read more >
| Project ID: FEW0075 | Project State: CA |
ph Sensitive Polymers for Improving Reservoir Sweep and Conformance Control in Chemical Flooding / Breakout
Develop a low-cost, pH triggered polymer for use in polymer flooding to improve reservoir sweep efficiency and reservoir conformance in chemical flooding.
... Read more >
| Project ID: DE-FC26-04NT15520 | Project State: TX |
